在视频分析中，背景模型具有许多应用，例如背景/前景分离，变更检测，异常检测，跟踪等。但是，尽管在静态相机捕获的视频中学习这种模型是一项公认的任务，但在移动相机背景模型（MCBM）的情况下，由于算法和可伸缩性挑战，成功率更加重要。由于相机运动而产生。因此，现有的MCBM在其范围和受支持的摄像头类型的限制中受到限制。这些障碍还阻碍了基于深度学习（DL）的端到端解决方案的这项无监督的任务。此外，现有的MCBM通常会在典型的大型全景图像或以在线方式的域名上建模背景。不幸的是，前者造成了几个问题，包括可扩展性差，而后者则阻止了对摄像机重新审视场景先前看到部分的案例的识别和利用。本文提出了一种称为DEEPMCBM的新方法，该方法消除了上述所有问题并实现最新结果。具体而言，首先，我们确定与一般和DL设置的视频帧联合对齐相关的困难。接下来，我们提出了一种新的联合一致性策略，使我们可以使用具有正则化的空间变压器网，也不是任何形式的专业化（且不差异）的初始化。再加上在不破坏的稳健中央矩（从关节对齐中获得）的自动编码器，这产生了一个无端到端的无端正规化MCBM，该MCBM支持广泛的摄像机运动并优雅地缩放。我们在各种视频上展示了DEEPMCBM的实用程序，包括超出其他方法范围的视频。我们的代码可在https://github.com/bgu-cs-vil/deepmcbm上找到。

Key Point Analysis(KPA) is a relatively new task in NLP that combines summarization and classification by extracting argumentative key points (KPs) for a topic from a collection of texts and categorizing their closeness to the different arguments. In our work, we focus on the legal domain and develop methods that identify and extract KPs from premises derived from texts of judgments. The first method is an adaptation to an existing state-of-the-art method, and the two others are new methods that we developed from scratch. We present our methods and examples of their outputs, as well a comparison between them. The full evaluation of our results is done in the matching task -- match between the generated KPs to arguments (premises).

A gradual semantics takes a weighted argumentation framework as input and outputs a final acceptability degree for each argument, with different semantics performing the computation in different manners. In this work, we consider the problem of attack inference. That is, given a gradual semantics, a set of arguments with associated initial weights, and the final desirable acceptability degrees associated with each argument, we seek to determine whether there is a set of attacks on those arguments such that we can obtain these acceptability degrees. The main contribution of our work is to demonstrate that the associated decision problem, i.e., whether a set of attacks can exist which allows the final acceptability degrees to occur for given initial weights, is NP-complete for the weighted h-categoriser and cardinality-based semantics, and is polynomial for the weighted max-based semantics, even for the complete version of the problem (where all initial weights and final acceptability degrees are known). We then briefly discuss how this decision problem can be modified to find the attacks themselves and conclude by examining the partial problem where not all initial weights or final acceptability degrees may be known.

Given a symmetric matrix $M$ and a vector $\lambda$, we present new bounds on the Frobenius-distance utility of the Gaussian mechanism for approximating $M$ by a matrix whose spectrum is $\lambda$, under $(\varepsilon,\delta)$-differential privacy. Our bounds depend on both $\lambda$ and the gaps in the eigenvalues of $M$, and hold whenever the top $k+1$ eigenvalues of $M$ have sufficiently large gaps. When applied to the problems of private rank-$k$ covariance matrix approximation and subspace recovery, our bounds yield improvements over previous bounds. Our bounds are obtained by viewing the addition of Gaussian noise as a continuous-time matrix Brownian motion. This viewpoint allows us to track the evolution of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix, which are governed by stochastic differential equations discovered by Dyson. These equations allow us to bound the utility as the square-root of a sum-of-squares of perturbations to the eigenvectors, as opposed to a sum of perturbation bounds obtained via Davis-Kahan-type theorems.

Offline reinforcement-learning (RL) algorithms learn to make decisions using a given, fixed training dataset without the possibility of additional online data collection. This problem setting is captivating because it holds the promise of utilizing previously collected datasets without any costly or risky interaction with the environment. However, this promise also bears the drawback of this setting. The restricted dataset induces subjective uncertainty because the agent can encounter unfamiliar sequences of states and actions that the training data did not cover. Moreover, inherent system stochasticity further increases uncertainty and aggravates the offline RL problem, preventing the agent from learning an optimal policy. To mitigate the destructive uncertainty effects, we need to balance the aspiration to take reward-maximizing actions with the incurred risk due to incorrect ones. In financial economics, modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a method that risk-averse investors can use to construct diversified portfolios that maximize their returns without unacceptable levels of risk. We integrate MPT into the agent's decision-making process to present a simple-yet-highly-effective risk-aware planning algorithm for offline RL. Our algorithm allows us to systematically account for the \emph{estimated quality} of specific actions and their \emph{estimated risk} due to the uncertainty. We show that our approach can be coupled with the Transformer architecture to yield a state-of-the-art planner for offline RL tasks, maximizing the return while significantly reducing the variance.

最近的几种方法，例如参数有效的微调（PEFT）和模式开发训练（PET），在标签筛选设置中取得了令人印象深刻的结果。但是，它们很难使用，因为它们会受到手动制作的提示的高度可变性，并且通常需要十亿参数语言模型才能达到高精度。为了解决这些缺点，我们提出了SETFIT（句子变压器微调），这是一个有效且迅速的框架，用于对句子变形金刚（ST）进行几次微调。 SetFit首先以对比的暹罗方式对少数文本对进行微调验证的st。然后将所得模型用于生成丰富的文本嵌入，这些嵌入方式用于训练分类头。这个简单的框架不需要任何提示或口头化，并且比现有技术少的参数较少，因此可以实现高精度。我们的实验表明，SetFit通过PEFT和PET技术获得了可比的结果，同时训练的速度更快。我们还表明，SETFIT可以通过简单地切换ST主体来应用于多语言设置。我们的代码可从https://github.com/huggingface/setFit以及我们的数据集获得，网址为https://huggingface.co/setfit。

我们建议第一个通过对弱的微型计算机进行深入学习的实时语义细分的系统，例如Raspberry Pi Zero Zero V2（其价格\ 15美元）附加到玩具无人机上。特别是，由于Raspberry Pi的重量不到$ 16 $，并且其大小是信用卡的一半，因此我们可以轻松地将其连接到普通的商业DJI Tello玩具器中（<\ $ 100，<90克，98 $ \ \时间$ 92.5 $ \ times $ 41毫米）。结果是可以从板载单眼RGB摄像头（无GPS或LIDAR传感器）实时检测和分类对象的自动无人机（无笔记本电脑或人类）。伴侣视频展示了这款Tello无人机如何扫描实验室的人（例如使用消防员或安全部队）以及在实验室外的空停车位。现有的深度学习解决方案要么在这种物联网设备上实时计算要么太慢，要么提供不切实际的质量结果。我们的主要挑战是设计一个系统，该系统在网络，深度学习平台/框架，压缩技术和压缩比的众多组合中占有最好的选择。为此，我们提供了一种有效的搜索算法，旨在找到最佳组合，从而导致网络运行时间与其准确性/性能之间的最佳权衡。

本文提出了2022年访问量的挑战的最终结果。 OOV竞赛介绍了一个重要方面，而光学角色识别（OCR）模型通常不会研究，即，在培训时对看不见的场景文本实例的识别。竞赛编制了包含326,385张图像的公共场景文本数据集的集合，其中包含4,864,405个场景文本实例，从而涵盖了广泛的数据分布。形成了一个新的独立验证和测试集，其中包括在训练时出词汇量不超出词汇的场景文本实例。竞争是在两项任务中进行的，分别是端到端和裁剪的文本识别。介绍了基线和不同参与者的结果的详尽分析。有趣的是，在新研究的设置下，当前的最新模型显示出显着的性能差距。我们得出的结论是，在此挑战中提出的OOV数据集将是要探索的重要领域，以开发场景文本模型，以实现更健壮和广义的预测。

随着人们对精神危机及其社会影响的认识，在许多国家，提供紧急支持的在线服务变得司空见惯。接受寻求帮助者和提供者之间讨论的培训的计算模型可以通过识别高危个人来支持预防自杀。但是，缺乏特定领域的模型，尤其是在低资源语言中，对自动检测自杀风险构成了重大挑战。我们提出了一个模型，该模型将预训练的语言模型（PLM）与固定的一组手动制作（并经过临床批准）的自杀提示相结合，然后进行了两阶段的微调过程。我们的模型达到了0.91 ROC-AUC和0.55的F2分数，甚至在对话的早期就表现出了一系列强大的基线，这对于该领域的实时检测至关重要。此外，该模型在性别和年龄段之间表现良好。

在大型3D场景中的3D对象检测不仅是由于稀疏和不规则的3D点云而挑战，而且还因为场景和阶级不平衡的极端前景不平衡所致。一种常见的方法是从其他场景中添加基地真实对象。不同的是，我们建议通过删除元素（体素）而不是添加元素来修改场景。我们的方法以解决这两种类型数据集不平衡的方式选择“有意义的”体素。该方法是一般的，可以应用于任何基于体素的检测器，但体素的有意义依赖于网络。我们的体素选择显示可提高几种突出的3D检测方法的性能。